The average human generates a new layer of skin every two to four weeks. At the end of the cycle, the old, dead cells on the surface are shed and if not removed, they can clog the sebaceous pores leading to superficial spots or blackheads. Exfoliating is a skin treatment where the upper layers of dead skin cells are sloughed off by a loofah sponge, brush, or by other means.

For most people, exfoliating twice a week is enough to ensure silky skin however, the frequency will vary according to age as older skin may be too dry and delicate for very frequent exfoliation.

People with oily skin should exfoliate more often than those with dry skin. This is because oily skin makes it hard for complexion dulling dead cells to make their exit.

Exfoliation is particularly important for acne prone skin as not only will it smooth and soften the skin and lessen flare ups but acne prone skin produces more dead skin cells than is typical and these cells aren't properly shed. This condition, called retention hyperkeratosis, is the reason regular exfoliation is so important for acne prone skin as these dead cells remain stuck on the skin's surface and within the follicle creating a clog (impaction). This plug of cellular debris and excess oil forms a blackhead or, if bacteria invades, an inflamed blemish.

All skin types will benefit from exfoliation as it leaves skin smooth, soft and fresher looking by bringing out a plumper, healthier layer with a more even skin tone.

To exfoliate the face it's important not to use anything too abrasive and not to apply too much pressure. Use circular movements and light hand pressure when applying the exfoliator to skin then rinse with warm water.

To exfoliate the body, use a loofah to scrub while dry, starting from the soles of the feet and going upwards in a circular motion. This will further loosen the dead surface skin. After wetting the body, apply an exfoliating cleanser or body scrub. Scrub thoroughly, using gentle, circular motions. Pat skin dry with a towel and moisturise while skin is still slightly damp.

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